ENERGY EFFICIENT CLUSTERING PROTOCOL IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR PRECISION AGRICULTURE
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Abstract
Wireless sensor networks offer a cost effective real time data monitoring tool for precision agriculture applications. Sensor nodes can be installed in farms or green house for mentoring soil properties like moisture, pesticide levels, air temperature and humidity levels. Measured data, as feed to decision software, can be used to precisely control irrigation system, fertilization system and air conditioners for controlling climate temperature and humidity levels of green house. In this manner, proper inputs are applied to crops leading to better crop health and yield. Low power consumption and reliable data transmission are two crucial design objectives for WSN in precision agriculture. An energy efficient clustering based routing protocol is proposed in the present paper. Cluster forwarder head node is elected by sink node on the basis of cost function of node residual energy; network total energy and node distance from sink. Node nearby to sink and having maximum energy is elected as forwarder. Forwarder collects data packets of subordinate nodes and forms a single reduced bit-count datum from received packets. For this, forwarder node omits similar received data packets. Forwarder transmit datum to sink and energy efficiency is increased by reducing the size of datum. Proposed protocol shows better performance in terms of network lifetime, stability and throughput as compared to existing protocols.
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