Forest fire simulation modeling using remote sensing & GIS

Suraj Kumar Singh, Shruti . Kanga

Abstract


Forest fire is one of the major hazards causing destruction to biodiversity, environment and humans in the Taradevi forest of Himachal Pradesh (India). The study was carried out for forest fire spread analysis and loss assessment using simulation modeling techniques. Knowledge of the factors which includes forest types, canopy cover, meteorological status, topographic feature accelerating forest fire were taken into considerations. The parameters derived from remote sensing data and Geographical Information System (GIS) were used to generate input files for forest fire simulation modeling using FARISTE. Finally, a fire spread maps and fire areas were predicted in this simulation, where relative importance is given to each theme built based on GIS and climate parameters. The study aims to develop a simulation method to find out fire spread and direction according to the climate data like wind direction, wind speed, rainfall, forest fuel type & density, canopy cover and other maps required for it. Findings of the research are helpful in development of forest fire management. Fast and appropriate direction will be used by the management to stop the spread of fire effectively. It helps to provides effective means for protecting forests from fires as well as to formulate appropriate methods to control and manage forest fire damages and its spread.

Keywords


GIS, Forest Fire, Simulation, Farsite, Fire Perimeter.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Garner, M E, “Risk Mitigation of Wildfire Hazards at the Wildland Urban Interface”, Master’s Thesis, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 1989.

Sharma, L K, Kanga, S, Nathawat, M S, Sinha, S and Pandey, P C, “Fuzzy AHP for forest fire risk modeling”. Disaster Prev. Manag, Vol. 21, no.2, pp. 160-171, 2012.

Dimopoulou, M, Ioannis G, “Towards an integrated framework for forest fire control”, Eur. J. Oper. Res, vol. 152, pp. 476- 486, 2002.

Olabarria, J R G, 2006. “Integrating fire risk into forest planning”, Thesis, University of Joensuu. Finland, pp. 1-36.

Hirsch, K, Kafka, V, Tymstra, C, McAlpine, R, Hawkes, B, Stegeehuis, H, Quintillo, S, Gauthier, S, Peck, K, “FIRE-smart forest management: a pragmatic approach to sustainable forest management in FIRE-dominated ecosystems”, The Forestry Chronicles, vol.77, no.2, pp. 357-363, 2001.

Finney, M, “FARSITE- Fire area simulator. User’s guide and technical documentation”. Version 1.0. System for Environmental Management. Missoula. 1995.

Loehle, C, “Applying landscape principles to FIRE hazard reduction”. Forest Ecol. Manag, vol. 198, no. (1-3), pp. 261-7, 2004.

Chuvieco, E, Congalton, R, “Application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems to forest fire hazard mapping”. Remote Sens. Environ, vol. 29, pp.147-159, 1989.

Chuvieco, E, Javier, S, “Mapping the spatial distribution of forest fire danger using GIS”. Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Syst., vol. 10, pp. 333-345, 1996.

Mariel, A, Marielle, J, “Wildland fire risk mapping using a geographical information system including satellite data: Examples of “Les Maures” forest, south east of France “. EARSeL Adv. Rem. Sen.vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 49-56, 1996.

Jaiswal, R K, Mukherjee, S, Kumaran D R, Saxena, R, “Forest fire risk zone mapping from satellite imagery and GIS”. Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs, vol. 4, pp. 1-10, 2002.

Roy, P S, “Assessment of Forest Fires in India through Remote Sensing”. Century status report in Project Planning Workshop on the “Scientific dimensions of forest fires” organized by International Council for Science Committee on Science and Technology in Developing Countries. Chennai during March, pp. 27-29, 2000.

Kanga, S, Sharma, L K, Nathawat, M S, Sharma, S K, “Geospatial Approach for Forest Fire Risk Modeling: a Case Study of Taradevi Range of Shimla Forest Division in Himachal Pradesh, India”. Ind. Forester, vol. 137, no. 3, 296-303. 2011.

Rothermel, R C, “A Mathematical Model for Predicting Fire Spread in Wildland Fuels” Ogden, UT, USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, INT115, 1972.

Rothermel, R C, “Some fire behavior modeling concepts for fire management systems”. 12th Conference on Fire and Meteorology: Fire, Meteorology and the Landscape, Jekyll Island, GA, 28-28 October, 1993

Van Wagner, C E,”Prediction of crown fire behavior in two stands of Jack Pine”. Can. J. Forest Res, vol. 18, pp. 818-820, 1993

Wikramanayake, E D, Dinerstein, E, Robinson, J G, Karanth, K U., Rabinowitz, A, Olson, D, Mathew, T, Hedao, P, Corner, M, Hemley, G, Bolze, D, “An ecology-based method for defining priorities for large mammal conservation: the tiger as case study”. Conserv. Biol, vol. 12, pp. 865-878, 1998.

Kanga, S, Sharma, L K, Pandey, P C, Nathawat, M S, “GIS Modeling Approach for Forest Fire Risk Assessment and Management”. J. Adv. Rem. Sen. GIS Geography. Vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 30-44, 2014.

Kanga, S K, Sharma P C, Pandey, P C, Nathawat, M S, Sinha, S, “Forest fire susceptibility mapping with GIS modeling”. Inter. J. Ear. Sci. Eng, vol. 04, no. 3, 80-87, 2011.

Kanga, S, Sharma, L K, Pandey, P C, Nathawat, M S, Sinha, S, “Geospatial Approach for Allocation of Potential Tourism Gradient Sites in a Part of Shimla District in Himachal Pradesh, India”. J. GIS Trends. Vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1-6, 2011.

Kanga, S, Sharma, L K, Pandey, P C, Nathawat, M S, Sharma, S K, “Forest fir modeling to evaluate potential hazard to tourism sites using geospatial approach”. Journ. Geomatics, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 93-99, 2013.

Rodgers, W A, Panwar, H S, Mathur, V B, “Wildlife Protected Area Network in India- A Review: Executive Summary”, Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, India, 44, 2002.

Kanga, S, Sharma, L K, Nathawat M S, “Himalayan Forest Fires Risk Management: A Geospatial Approach”. Lambert Academic Publishing, pp 1-188, 2015.

Kanga, S, “Forest cover and land use mapping using remote sensing and GIS Technology”. SGVU Journal of Climate Change and Water, vol.1, no.2, pp.13-17, 2017

Kanga, S, Tripathi, G, Singh, S K, “Forest Fire Hazards Vulnerability and Risk Assessment in Bhajji Forest Range of Himachal Pradesh (India): A Geospatial Approach”. Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS, vol.8, no. 1, pp.1-16, 2017.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.26483/ijarcs.v8i5.3301

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2017 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science