A literature review on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and its Diversified Applications

Abstract

Development in the technology of sensor such as MEMS, wireless communications, embedded systems, distributed processing and wireless sensor applications have contributed a large transformation in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) recently. It assists and improves work performance in our daily life. Routing is a critical issue in WSN and hence the focus of this paper is on WSNs, its routing protocols classification, sensor network applications, performance characteristics, metrics, application of these routing protocols in diversified application like military surveillance, environmental monitoring, traffic control etc. The objective of this paper is to understand the classification of the WSN routing protocols, to identify the representative examples of each class of routing protocols based on route selection, architecture and operation.

Keywords: WSN; sensor node; performance characteristics; performance metric; communication architecture